Turf toe is a sprain of the ligaments and soft tissue at the base of the big toe. It typically happens when the big toe is forced upward beyond its normal range, such as when pushing off during running, jumping or cutting. It is common in football, soccer, basketball, dance and other sports, especially on firm surfaces or in flexible shoes.
Symptoms
- Pain and tenderness at the base of the big toe
- Swelling and sometimes bruising
- Limited motion, and pain with push-off
- In more severe injuries, a feeling of instability and a toe that drifts
Grades of injury
Turf toe is often described as mild (a stretch), moderate (a partial tear) or severe (a complete tear of the supporting structures, sometimes with injury to the small sesamoid bones). The grade guides treatment and how soon you can return to sports.
How it is diagnosed
Diagnosis is based on the exam and how the injury happened. X-rays rule out fractures and show whether the sesamoid bones have shifted, and MRI may be used to see the soft tissue damage in more serious cases.
Treatment
- Rest, ice, compression and elevation early on
- Taping or a stiff-soled shoe or insert that limits upward motion of the big toe
- A walking boot, and sometimes crutches, for more severe injuries
- Gradual return to activity, with physical therapy as needed
Surgery may be recommended for severe injuries with instability, displaced sesamoids, or persistent pain.
Recovery
Mild injuries may improve in a few weeks, while severe ones can take months. Returning too soon is a common cause of lasting problems, including stiffness and arthritis of the big toe joint. See sports injuries for more.
Dr. Ajdari sees patients in Metairie on the Southshore and in Slidell on the Northshore, serving the Greater New Orleans area. Request an appointment or call 985-326-8614.
This page is for general education and is not a substitute for an examination and advice from a qualified clinician. Treatment recommendations depend on your individual situation. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911.