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Charcot Foot Deformity (Charcot Neuroarthropathy)

Charcot foot is a condition in which the bones and joints of a foot with reduced sensation weaken and break down, which can lead to deformity. It is most often seen in people with diabetic neuropathy.

Why it happens

When nerve damage dulls pain, minor injuries can go unnoticed and a person keeps walking on a damaged foot. Inflammation then weakens the bones and joints, and the foot can gradually collapse or shift out of shape.

Early signs

  • A foot that is warm, red and swollen, often compared with the other foot
  • Surprisingly little pain for how the foot looks
  • A recent minor injury or sprain, which may not be remembered

Charcot foot can be mistaken for infection or other conditions, and early evaluation matters because the earlier it is recognized and protected, the better the chance of preventing severe deformity.

Later changes

  • Flattening or collapse of the arch, sometimes called a rocker-bottom foot
  • Bony prominences that rub against shoes
  • Ulcers over areas of high pressure, which can lead to infection

Treatment

In the active phase, the priority is protecting the foot and taking weight off it, typically with a cast or boot and restricted walking as directed, along with close follow-up. Once the foot stabilizes, custom footwear, orthotics, or a bracing device may be used to protect it long term. Surgery, such as reconstruction or fusion, may be considered for an unstable deformity, recurrent ulcers, or when bracing is not enough.

When to be seen right away

If you have neuropathy and notice a warm, swollen or red foot, do not wait. Fever, spreading redness, drainage or a wound that is getting worse can signal infection and need urgent evaluation.

What to expect at your visit

A first visit typically includes a review of your symptoms and history, an examination of the foot and ankle (often including how you stand and walk), and imaging such as X-rays when needed. Dr. Ajdari will explain your options, including non-surgical care, so the two of you can choose a plan that fits your goals. Dr. Ajdari sees patients in Metairie on the Southshore and in Slidell on the Northshore, serving the Greater New Orleans area.

This page is for general education and is not a substitute for an examination and advice from a qualified clinician. Treatment recommendations depend on your individual situation. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911.