When a sprain becomes instability
If an ankle keeps giving way, sprains repeatedly with minor missteps, or still feels unreliable months after an injury, the ligaments may have healed loosely or other structures may be injured. This pattern is called chronic ankle instability.
Common signs
- Repeated ankle rolling, especially on uneven ground
- A feeling that the ankle is about to give way
- Persistent swelling, tenderness or aching on the outer ankle
- Difficulty with sports, stairs or walking on uneven surfaces
Injuries that can hide behind a sprain
Ankle sprains can occur together with other problems, such as peroneal tendon tears, cartilage injury inside the joint, or small fractures. These are sometimes missed when ankle pain is assumed to be only a sprain, which is one reason a persistent problem deserves a full evaluation.
Non-surgical treatment
- Early protection and swelling control after a new injury
- Bracing or taping for support during activity
- Physical therapy focused on strength and balance
- Footwear and orthotic adjustments when foot alignment contributes
When surgery is considered
If the ankle remains unstable despite a dedicated rehabilitation program, or if imaging shows tendon, cartilage or ligament damage that will not heal on its own, surgery may be discussed. Procedures typically repair or reconstruct the stabilizing ligaments and address any related injury found.
When to be seen promptly
Get evaluated soon after an injury if you cannot put weight on the ankle, the ankle looks deformed, or the pain is severe. Those findings can point to a fracture rather than a simple sprain.
What to expect at your visit
A first visit typically includes a review of your symptoms and history, an examination of the foot and ankle (often including how you stand and walk), and imaging such as X-rays when needed. Dr. Ajdari will explain your options, including non-surgical care, so the two of you can choose a plan that fits your goals.
This page is for general education and is not a substitute for an examination and advice from a qualified clinician. Treatment recommendations depend on your individual situation. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911.